Sharp Zaurus C700 Debian & Qtopia "dual boot"

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Sharp Zaurus C700 Debian <=> Qtopia

  • Full Debian linux OS.
  • No reflash of the original Sharp ROM needed.
  • Switching Qtopia <=> Debian without rebooting
  • From Debian you can still use whatyouwant of original Sharp binaries, through 'cru' command.
  • You can select whit a simple flag the default "boot", [Qtopia vs Debian]
  • You can exit from X/Xvnc in console mode [also from Qtopia], and do i.ex. a /sbin/halt ;)
  • A screenshot.

First of all, many thanks to Klaus Weidner for his work at http://www.w-m-p.com/software/pocketworkstation/. He's the author of fbvnc code, and of the original project [Debian on Handhelds].

--NEW-- Compiled new drivers for prism2 cards. Now it's possible to sniff in true monitor mode, & spoof the MAC address. here WARNING: 13:12, 28 Nov 2004 (PST)13:12, 28 Nov 2004 (PST)13:12, 28 Nov 2004 (PST)13:12, 28 Nov 2004 (PST)13:12, 28 Nov 2004 (PST)13:12, 28 Nov 2004 (PST)13:12, 28 Nov 2004 (PST)13:12, 28 Nov 2004 (PST)13:12, 28 Nov 2004 (PST)~~ I've tested all the below stuff on my z, and all it's working ok, never reflashed, never a problem or instability. But be aware, if something goes wrong, it's possible that your z. wont boot anymore, and that you need to re-flash it. See also this "diary" if you want more detailed info on z. boot/init process. 13:12, 28 Nov 2004 (PST)13:12, 28 Nov 2004 (PST)13:12, 28 Nov 2004 (PST)13:12, 28 Nov 2004 (PST)13:12, 28 Nov 2004 (PST)13:12, 28 Nov 2004 (PST)13:12, 28 Nov 2004 (PST)13:12, 28 Nov 2004 (PST)13:12, 28 Nov 2004 (PST)~~

Ok, here is the whole.

1] Download, from www.w-m-p.com/software/pocketworkstation/ fbvnc-arm-1.3.3beta.gz zaurus-debian-big-v0.15.tgz

1a] If you have a linux box, it's higly recommended that you install the usbdnet standalone module. i.ex. prdownloads.sourceforge.net/zaurus or www.opie.us/opie/devZone.php/usbdnet-standalone.tgz The kernel module, on the other hand, is very unstable & kernelpanic prone. [Of course it's possible also to do all the job via the Z keyboard] Anyway, if you want to use the usb cradle connectivity, do something similar:

- create & chmod this on your pc [say you name it 'zaurus']: 

 #! /bin/bash
 typeset -i num
 num=`ifconfig | grep usb0 | wc -l`
 if [ $num -eq 0 ] ; then
 ifconfig usb0 192.168.129.1 netmask 255.255.255.255 up
 route add -host 192.168.129.201 usb0
 fi

- add this to your pc '/etc/hosts': 

 192.168.129.201 zaurus

this way, you can quickly execute 'zaurus' then 'telnet zaurus'. [I assume that you've already modprobed usb-uhci & usbdnet]


2] Format with mke2fs your SD card.

 mke2fs /dev/mmcda1


3] Cd in the SD card, and upload here the 2 tarball of 1]
[a little note: when I've dloaded the zaurus-debian-big-v0.15.tgz it was not gzipped, it was just a tar.
dunno if it's the broken brain of IE ;)]

- if you've the usb cradle inserted you can, via netcat, do something like:
nc -l -p 1234 > tarball.tar [zaurus side]
cat tarball.tar | nc zaurus 1234 [pc side]

- extract the tarball.

- edit /etc/sdcontrol: 

 --------BEGIN SNIP--------
 FSTYPE="-t ext2"
 FATOPTS="-o noatimei,quiet,umask=000,iocharset=utf8"
 EXT2OPTS="-o noatime"
 --------ENDOF SNIP--------

 --------BEGIN SNIP--------
 case "$ACTION" in
 'insert')
 # mount $FSTYPE $FATOPTS $DEVICE $MOUNT_POINT
 mount $FSTYPE $EXT2OPTS $DEVICE $MOUNT_POINT
 MOUNT_RES = `mount | grep $DEVICE`
 if [ "$MOUNT_RES" = "" ]; then
 mount $FSTYPE $DEVICE $MOUNT_POINT
 fi
 --------ENDOF SNIP--------


- edit /etc/fstab, and in '/dev/mmcda1' line, add 'noatime' 

 --------BEGIN LINE--------
 /dev/mmcda1 /usr/mnt.rom/card ext2 rw,noatime 0 0
 --------ENDOF LINE--------

- execute ./debroot/INSTALL.d/postinst.sh

[during the execution of postinst.sh, answer YES at all, but NO at these 2: Permit unsafe VNC connections without passwords? Run 'Fbvnc' now? ] --- Note: you can also safely answer yes at the 1st question, because, in this installation, the Xvnc server runs only locally. ---

- gunzip the fbvnc-arm-1.3.3beta.gz and copy to /mnt/card/debroot/usr/bin/fbvnc

- add "-w c700" in the last lines of /usr/local/bin/Fbvnc this way: 

 --------BEGIN SNIP--------
 if [ -z "$1" ]; then
 fbvnc -hw c700 127.0.0.1:1
 else
 fbvnc -hw c700 "$@"
 fi
 --------ENDOF SNIP--------


- edit /etc/debroot.conf 

 --------BEGIN FILE--------
 ### /etc/debroot.conf 
 #
 # Configuration for the Debian chroot environment startup process
 #
 #
 # IMPORTANT: boolean settings (DEB_FOO=1) are true if not empty, so
 # comment out the entry (put a '#' at the start of the line) if you
 # want to deactivate it.
 #
 DEBROOT=/usr/mnt.rom/card
 #
 DEB_PATH=$HOME/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/X11R6/bin:/usr/games
 #
 # Disable this if you have a fixed QPE that permits VT switching
 #DEB_QPE_WARNING=1
 #
 DEB_DO_MOUNTS=1
 #
 DEB_COPY_INTO_CHROOT="etc/resolv.conf"
 #
 DEB_COPY_INTO_NATIVE="etc/hosts"
 #
 #
 #DEB_RUN_SERVICES=""
 #DEB_RUN_SERVICES="inetd ssh lpd"
 #DEB_RUN_SERVICES="ssh"
 #
 DEB_RUN_VNCSERVER=1
 #
 DEB_RUN_FBVNC=1
 #
 DEB_ZAPM_PROXY=1
 #
 DEB_RUN_ZAPMD=1
 #
 DEB_ROOTCMD=1
 --------ENDOF FILE--------

[comments stripped out ;)]


- find in the /etc/rc.d tree the symlink to zdebian and delete it.
[Note: don't delete the file. Only delete the symlink. Here below you'll need to edit it.]

- edit /etc/rc.d/init.d/zdebian 

 --------BEGIN SNIP--------
 #!/bin/bash
 #
 ## sh [linked to ash] doesnt exec cleanly, so we set bash instead
 SHELLCMD=/bin/bash
 #
 DEBCONF=/etc/debroot.conf
 [ ! -f $DEBCONF ] && {
 echo "Can't find $DEBCONF, aborting..."
 exit 1
 }
 #
 . $DEBCONF
 #
 [ "$DEBROOT" ] || exit 1
 if [ ! -d "$DEBROOT" ]; then
 echo "Waiting for $DEBROOT to be fscked..."
 while ps ax | grep -v grep | grep e2fsck >/dev/null
 do
 sleep 1
 done
 sleep 1
 if [ ! -d "$DEBROOT" ]; then
 echo "Waiting for $DEBROOT to be mounted..."
 sleep 10
 fi
 fi
 cd $DEBROOT || exit 1
 #
 ROOTCMD_FIFO=$DEBROOT/dev/rootcmd
 ZAPMD=/dev/zapmd
 #
 rootcmd_server_start () {
 rm -f $ROOTCMD_FIFO
 mkfifo -m 600 $ROOTCMD_FIFO
 #
 (
 while true
 do
 exec <$ROOTCMD_FIFO
 read TTY CMD
 $SHELLCMD -c "$CMD" $DEBROOT/$TTY 2>&1
 sleep 1
 done
 ) &
 echo $! >/var/run/rootcmd.pid 
 }
 --------ENDOF SNIP--------

[the real 2 changes are the 2 /bin/bash invocations at the beginning & at line 41.
the original '/bin/sh' fails to execute cleanly the exec fifo commands. it's an 'ash' issue
(/bin/sh is linked to 'ash', NOT to 'bash').
Many thanks to my brother, Davide, for helping in pointing out this.]


- cd in /home/zaurus, create & chmod 755 these 2 files:

d.sh 

 --------BEGIN FILE--------
 #! /bin/bash
 #
 clear
 echo "zdebian stop.."
 /etc/rc.d/init.d/zdebian stop
 echo "kill Xvnc.."
 killall Xvnc
 echo "change launch.default to 'q'"
 echo q > /home/sharp/etc/launch.default
 echo "DONE."
 exit 0
 --------ENDOF FILE--------


q.sh 

 --------BEGIN FILE--------
 #! /bin/bash
 #
 echo a > /home/sharp/etc/launch.default
 killall qpe
 killall qeserver
 killall qtsamba
 clear
 /home/root/usr/bin/chvt 2
 sleep 4
 /home/root/usr/bin/chvt 1
 #
 exit 0
 --------ENDOF FILE--------


still in /home/zaurus, do a: echo a > what.txt

note: this file (what.txt) will be your 'boot flag'.
-> if it's "a" then the next boot will be debian
-> if it's "q" then the next boot will be qtopia

IMPORTANT !! be sure to not edit or remove this file, because it's needed in the init process [see below]
[I mean, it must be absolutely "a" or "q", or you can byebye the z. and reflash it ;)]

still in /home/zaurus, do a: ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/zdebian

- edit /usr/mnt.rom/card/usr/local/bin/zvncserver
[security improvement]
I've changed also the '/bin/sh' first line in '/bin/bash'
And also in Fbvnc. 

 --------BEGIN SNIP--------
 AUTH_FILE=/etc/vncpasswd
 [ -f $AUTH_FILE ] && AUTH="-rfbauth $AUTH_FILE"
 #
 [ ."$DISPLAY" = .":0" ] && rm -f /tmp/.X0-lock
 [ ."$DISPLAY" = .":1" ] && rm -f /tmp/.X1-lock
 [ ."$DISPLAY" = .":2" ] && rm -f /tmp/.X2-lock
 #
 ## with '-localhost' we allow only connection from the same machine on which Xvnc runs
 ## with '-nolisten tcp' [undocumented feature, at least with this goal] we stop Xvnc from listen also on 6000+DISPLAY port
 Xvnc -localhost -nolisten tcp -geometry $GEOM -depth 16 -pixelformat RGB565 $AUTH $DISPLAY &
 #-fp /usr/lib/vnc/fonts/misc \
 #-co /usr/lib/vnc/rgb \
 #
 sleep 5
 cd $HOME
 --------ENDOF SNIP--------

[Note: about the '6000+DISPLAY port' issue, I've mailed also freebsd bug repos. www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=45490]


- edit /etc/inetd.conf 

 [security improvement]

leave only this line uncommented: 

 --------BEGIN LINE--------
 telnet stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin.rom/tcpd /usr/sbin/in.telnetd
 --------ENDOF LINE--------

after that, you must also create /etc/hosts.allow & /etc/hosts.deny, add 1 entry in /etc/hosts,
and update /usr/mnt.rom/card/etc/hosts

i.ex:

/etc/hosts: 

 --------BEGIN FILE--------
 ### Do not edit this file - it was copied
 ### from /usr/mnt.rom/card/etc/hosts by ./zdebian
 ### Edit /etc/debroot.conf to deactivate this.
 #
 127.0.0.1 localhost loopback
 192.168.129.1 yourpcname
 #
 ### Do not edit this file - it was copied
 ### from /usr/mnt.rom/card/etc/hosts by ./zdebian
 ### Edit /etc/debroot.conf to deactivate this.
 --------ENDOF FILE--------

Update your debroot hosts file: 

 cp /etc/hosts /usr/mnt.rom/card/etc/hosts


Set the allow/deny rules:

/etc/hosts.deny: 

 --------BEGIN FILE--------
 ALL: ALL
 --------ENDOF FILE--------

/etc/hosts.allow: 

 --------BEGIN FILE--------
 ALL: yourpcname
 --------ENDOF FILE--------

Now, do a /etc/rc.d/init.d/inet restart

and try to connect with a new 'telnet zaurus' from your PC,
and try also a 'telnet localhost' from inside the z.
you must connect from pc, and denied from the z.


- stop useless services from auto starting:
[as I said in the intro, I assume you're not so interested in syncing with outlook and other windoze stuff :)]
in /etc/rc.d/init.d
do a 

 chmod 000 portmap
 chmod 000 samba

edit /etc/hotplug/usbdnet.conf 

 --------BEGIN FILE--------
 DHCPS=no
 DHCPC=no
 --------ENDOF FILE--------

- if you want to change the 2nd splashscreen with your own:

  • create an image 480x640, bitmap format.

[this is the output of 'file': PC bitmap data, Windows 3.x format, 480 x 640 x 24 ]

  • copy in /home/QtPalmtop/pics144/Startup_screen.bmp


4] /################### editing files in /dev/root ###################/

before you can edit the files mounted in /dev/root, you must do an
mount -o rw,remount /dev/root /
[be aware to not make big mistakes from now.. :)]

this is my /root/etc/sysconfig/init,
don't remember if it's like the original 

 --------BEGIN FILE--------
 SILENT=yes
 BOOTUP=color
 RES_COL=23
 MOVE_TO_COL="echo -en \\033[${RES_COL}G"
 SETCOLOR_SUCCESS="echo -en \\033[1;32m"
 SETCOLOR_FAILURE="echo -en \\033[1;31m"
 SETCOLOR_WARNING="echo -en \\033[1;33m"
 SETCOLOR_NORMAL="echo -en \\033[0;39m"
 LOGLEVEL=1
 PROMPT=yes
 --------ENDOF FILE-------- >

- edit /root/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit
[with this change, we see at least some log msgs on the screen instead of the red/white sharp splashscreen :)] 

 --------BEGIN SNIP--------
 # Print a banner. ;)
 clear
 #if [ -z "$SILENT" ] ; then
 echo -en $" Welcome to "
 [ "$BOOTUP" != "serial" ] && echo -en $"\\033[1;31m"
 echo -en $"WHATYOUWANT"
 [ "$BOOTUP" != "serial" ] && echo -en $"\\033[0;39m"
 echo $" Zaurus"
 #fi
 --------ENDOF SNIP-------- >

- edit /root/etc/rc.d/rc.rofilesys
[this is the trick for 'booting' in debian] 

 --------BEGIN SNIP--------
 #echo $LAUNCH > /home/sharp/etc/launch.default
 cat /home/zaurus/what.txt > /home/sharp/etc/launch.default
 --------ENDOF SNIP--------

- edit /root/etc/inittab
[not so necessary] 

 --------BEGIN SNIP--------
 # collie sp.
 #sy::respawn:/sbin/shsync
 --------ENDOF SNIP-------- >


                                      1. USAGE ###################

Ok now finally for the fun stuff ;)


1] /home/zaurus/what.txt
is your 'bootselect' flag.

a -> debian
q -> qtopia


2] Exiting/switching from Qtopia
- open Konsole
- su as root
- in /home/zaurus execute "./q.sh"
this will give you a console log.
login, become root.

Then if you want to start Debian, do a

 ./zdebian start

If you want to reboot:

 /sbin/reboot

If you want to halt:

 /sbin/halt

[when all off, remember to switch for at least 5 secs the battery switch]


3] Exiting/switching from Debian
Menu -> Logout
press Fn+Shift+q
execute ./d.sh

If you want to start Qtopia, you must simply:

 exit
 exit

If you want to reboot:

 /sbin/reboot

[Note: if you boot in 'Debian mode' ('what.txt' == a), you'll get a login prompt.
After logged and 'su', do './zdebian start', he.. :)]

If you want to halt:

 /sbin/halt

[when all off, remember to switch for at least 5 secs the battery switch]


4] Note on screen in console mode:
just type 'clear' + Enter
if you want to clean the screen in console mode.
Take a look here for further specs..


5] Executing command in debian:
using "cru" you can execute like in the 'original' environment.
Example:

 --------BEGIN SNIP--------
 ~# cru ls /root
 bin etc samba
 ~# ls /root
 HELP.txt debian-faq.pdf
 ~#
 --------ENDOF SNIP--------


Taken from: http://digilander.libero.it/c700/

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