It's definitely not using GRUB, I've just found. The bootloader is a box of mystery to me, I'll have to check the Gemian source and see if there's any hint there of what it is and how it works. It gets flashed into the machine via the MediaTek firmware tool we use when installing the OSs in it, it's an image file. Perhaps mounting that on another system might yield some information. Still, would be nice if the Gemian folks documented this somewhere.
I'm running a Linux-only Gemini, so the solution is to re-flash it and start again. Oh well.
I'm assuming Gemian is still the best Linux to run on the Gemini (based on Debian 9.4 Stretch). Is there a viable option out there?